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Problematika demokracie a právního státu v Maďarsku s ohledem na postavení země v EU
Reňáková, Monika
The topic of the bachelor's thesis is the issue of democracy and the rule of law in Hungary, with a focus on the country's position within the European Union. The main goal is therefore to assess in what ways and to what extent Hungary corresponds to the principles of democracy and the rule of law and how this affects relations with the European Union. The first part is devoted to the theoretical definition of the concept of democracy, the rule of law and the definition of the values of the rule of law within the EU. The second part analyses the acts by which democracy is undermined and values are violated in Hungary and point out the processes by which this is carried out. The conclusion is what is the role of the European Union in this, how does it affect their common relations and what are the consequences.
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Globalization, Rule of Law and Wealth Inequality
Svěchotová, Anežka ; Horváth, Roman (advisor) ; Schwarz, Jiří (referee)
We examine the determinants of wealth inequality using new dataset consisting of a rich set of explanatory variables including rule of law, as well as different measures of globalization. We use the Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) approach to account for model uncertainty. The BMA methodology allows to thoroughly compare a large number of potential determinants. Due to large differences in wealth inequality across different countries, the variables included reflect countries' various aspects, namely economic, geographical, regulatory, institutional, finance, globalization, political and demographic factors. Examining 39 potential determinants, we find five robustly related variables. Among them there are three financial development indicators, GDP growth and one geographical dummy for countries in Latin America and the Caribbean. On the other hand, some of the measures of globalization are correlated with wealth inequality; however, they are not its determinants. JEL Classification C33, E21, G51 Keywords wealth inequality, globalization, Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) Title Globalization, Rule of Law and Wealth Inequality
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The concept of the rule of law in EU law
Tomčiak, Petr ; Kunertová, Tereza (advisor) ; Říha, Michal (referee)
The concept of the rule of law in EU law Abstract The rule of law is a philosophical concept in law defining the relationship between a man and the government. Different legal doctrines approach it in different ways, but in principle the issue of the rule of law in the European Union has become increasingly important in recent decades. The author discusses jurisprudential and theoretical foundations of the rule of law in Europe, then analyses the applicable EU law with a focus on the legal instruments for protection. Primary law refers to the concept of the rule of law already in Article 2 TEU as one of the values on which the Union is founded. Also, the rule of law is a condition for a candidate country to join the EU. The core part of the thesis addresses the instruments for the protection of the rule of law in EU law. First, Article 7 TEU, so-called 'rule of law procedure' is a mechanism by which a declaration that a Member State is at risk of violating EU values, including the rule of law, or perhaps a decision that a serious breach of values has occurred and a sanction can be adopted. The infringement procedure under Article 258 TFEU is often used to the rule of law protection. The Commission can initiate a procedure against a Member State that fails to comply with its obligations under EU law. In case...
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The principle of ensuring effective judicial protection by Member States in the context of current case law of the CJEU
Kaluha, Štěpán ; Navrátil, Petr (advisor) ; Svobodová, Magdaléna (referee)
The Principle of Ensuring Effective Judicial Protection by Member States in the Context of the Current Case Law of the CJEU Abstract in English This diploma thesis named The Principle of Ensuring Effective Judicial Protection by Member States in the Context of the Current Case Law of the CJEU, deals with the manifestations of this principle in the case law of the Court of Justice, especially with regard to its horizontal dimension which is related to the ongoing judicial reforms in Poland. The objectives of the thesis are to analyse and evaluate the principle of ensuring effective judicial protection, to compare it with the principle of national procedural autonomy and, through the analysis of three recent decisions of the Court of Justice, to identify a new direction in the case law of the Court of Justice after the ASJP decision. The thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part, I place the principle of ensuring effective judicial protection by Member States in the broader context of EU law as a general principle of EU law and thus part of primary law. Then I discuss the principle in detail, in particular exploring its definition in the Treaties and in the case law of the Court of Justice, analysing its content and briefly discussing the consequences of its breach...
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Application of Article 7 of the TEU: the cases of Poland, Hungary and Romania
Sechovcová, Anežka ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (advisor) ; Weiss, Tomáš (referee)
Some of the member states of the European Union are currently facing a rule of law crisis characterized by threats to the independence of the judiciary, to the media or to the freedom of speech. The situation is most critical in Hungary and Poland where these values are being systematically violated. However, Romania is also among the member states facing a crisis of the rule of law,mainly because of the threatsto the independence of judiciary and the limitation of anti-corruption measures. Since the value of the rule of law is enshrined in Article 2 of the Treaty on European Union, its violation is a reason for sanctioning the member state. The European Union has several instruments at its disposal to sanction these states and as well protect European values. One of the most important is the mechanism under the Article 7 of the Treaty on European Union which can cause a member state to lose its voting rights in the Council of the European Union. Using the process tracing method, the thesis traces the steps taken by the European institutions to apply this mechanism in the cases of Poland, Hungary, and Romania. The aim of the thesis is to determine whether there are interdependencies among the three cases. Based on the research, it can be concluded that there are significant differences among the...
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Foreign Direct Investment in Emerging Markets: The Case of Turkey
Huseynli, Orkhan ; Geršl, Adam (advisor) ; Zeynalov, Ayaz (referee)
This paper studies determinants of FDI in Turkey using panel data analyses. The results of the study show that political stability, education level, rule of law, and trade cost have significant impact on FDI inflow in Turkey while similarity in economy size of home and host country (Turkey) has not. The effect of the trade cost and rule of law was surprising but it gave a clue to new research area. It was concluded that next studies of FDI determinants in Turkey must be conducted at firms' level to better understand the behaviour of foreign direct investments in the country.
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Determination of firm boundaries: Influence of regulations and rule of law on firm size
Dočkal, Ondřej ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Schwarz, Jiří (referee)
Study of determinants of firm size is important for policy making and economic theory, because much of economic growth takes place within firms and firms are prevailing form of organisation of production units in modern economies. Theory o↵ers contradictory views on e↵ect of quality of regulations and rule of law on firm size. Better regulatory quality in the environment of post-soviet countries enables firms to become larger. In the case of rule of law, the relationship seems to be rather fragile and of a more complex nature with ambiguous e↵ects, hence the matter re- mains subject of future research. Regulatory quality and rule of law explain only very little part of variations in growth rates of firms. Keywords: firm size determination, quality of regulations, rule of law, industrial organisation Character count: 73 717 Abstrakt Studium determinantů velikosti firem je důležité pro vytváření politik i ekonomickou teorii, protože velká část ekonomického růstu je způsobena růstem existujících firem a firmy jsou převažující formou organizace produkčních jednotek v moderních eko- nomikách. Teorie přináší protichůdné pohledy na vliv kvality regulace a právního státu na velikost firem. V prostředí postsovětských zemí je růst kvality regulace spojený s růstem velikosti...
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Analysis of Polish Judicial Reform in the Line of Recent ECJ Judgment - Commission vs. Poland
Shushanashvili, Ketevan ; Solanes Mullor, Joan (advisor) ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (referee)
The judicial system of Poland is at the forefront of public, constitutional, political and legal debates of the European Union. Different aspects of rule of law in Poland, such as independence of judges, their right to irremovability, the alleged intention of the government to occupy and impact Polish judicial sector are discussed among academics. The aim of this research conducted throughout the thesis is to add complete and all-inclusive analysis of the recent judgment of European Court of Justice (hereinafter: "ECJ") regarding lowering retirement age of judges to the ongoing academic literature. Furthermore, before reaching that conclusion, providing the reader with the review of Polish political debate, the responses of European Union institutions and analysis of the necessity of the reform for Polish judicial system. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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